Automation and Technology in Warehousing

open_access
Open Access
Author:
Mc Carthy, Morgan
Area of Honors:
Supply Chain and Information Systems
Degree:
Bachelor of Science
Document Type:
Thesis
Thesis Supervisors:
Robert Alexander Novack, Thesis Supervisor
Suresh Muthulingam, Thesis Honors Advisor
Keywords:
Fulfillment Centers
Supply Chain Management
Robotics
Warehouse Automation
Order Fulfillment
Inventory Management
E-commerce Logistics
Abstract:
The rapid growth of e-commerce and increasing customer expectations for fast, accurate order fulfillment have accelerated the adoption of automation and advanced technologies within warehouse operations, particularly in fulfillment centers. This research examines the role of automation in improving efficiency, accuracy, and safety across key warehouse processes, including receiving, storage, picking, and shipping. Using a qualitative approach, the study draws on secondary sources such as industry publications, company reports, and academic materials, supplemented by firsthand observations from warehouse internships and site visits. The analysis explores a range of technologies, including automated guided vehicles (AGVs), autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), pick-to-light and put-to-light systems, carousel storage systems, A-Frame systems, and robotic arms. Each technology is evaluated based on its operational benefits, limitations, and suitability for different warehouse environments. Findings indicate that while automation significantly enhances throughput, reduces human error, and improves workplace safety, its effectiveness depends heavily on factors such as facility layout, product characteristics, and order volume. The study concludes that successful implementation of warehouse automation requires a strategic, tailored approach rather than a one-size-fits-all solution. Organizations that carefully assess their operational needs and integrate appropriate technologies are better positioned to optimize performance and remain competitive in an increasingly demanding supply chain landscape.