Second Nature: A Biomimetic Escape for Urban Respite

open_access
Open Access
Author:
Rajan, Varsha
Area of Honors:
Architecture
Degree:
Bachelor of Architecture
Document Type:
Thesis
Thesis Supervisors:
Peter Aeschbacher, Thesis Supervisor
Orsolya Gaspar, Thesis Honors Advisor
Keywords:
biomimicry
Japan
climate change
spiderweb
sound
acoustics
Abstract:
The term biomimicry has existed since 1982, but biomimetic inventions date to long before then. One of the first examples of biomimicry can be found in Leonardo da Vinci’s sketches for the flying machine, based on the anatomy and flight of birds. Yet, in 42 years since its official existence, architects have yet to take full advantage of solutions provided by nature. This thesis focuses on learning from the biomimetic applications of spiders and spider web production to inform architectural strategies for mitigating heat, sound, and environmental stress in Tokyo. There are many characteristics of spider silk that architects can learn from. Useful properties from spider silk have already been adapted into biomimetic systems for suspension bridge wires, bulletproof vests, and medical adhesives. The tensile strength, network of connections, and water-capturing capabilities all present opportunities for architectural innovation. The site is in Tokyo, Japan between Ueno Park and downtown Ueno. Tokyo faces rising temperatures, intensified by the urban heat island effect, along with increased rainfall and frequent earthquakes. Drawing from the weaving, networks, and strength of spiderwebs, this thesis explores how biomimetic design strategies can inform architectural responses to these environmental conditions. The intent is to design an architecture that can adapt to multiple typologies and scales throughout the city. Like the spider web, which pops up in corners, between tree branches, and in both remote and visible areas, this design adapts to its surroundings. The proposed program runs along an overpass outside Ueno Park. Raised above the existing train lines, this program aims to provide shade and sound insulation for an indooroutdoor space.